On Stop-and-Go Waves in Dense Traffic
نویسندگان
چکیده
From a Vlasov-type kinetic equation with nonlocal braking and acceleration forces, taken as a traffic model for higher densities, we derive macroscopic equations generalizing the second order model of conservation laws suggested by Aw and Rascle [1] and Zhang [2]. The nonlocality remains present in these equations, but more conventional, local equations are derived by using suitable Taylor expansion. A second order model of this type is discussed in some detail and is shown to possess traveling wave solutions that resemble stop-and-go waves in dense traffic. A phase space analysis suggests that inside the class of such traveling waves there are steady solutions of type ρδ(v − u) that are stable inside the class of traveling wave solutions. PACS–1995 45.70.Vn, 51.10.+y, 45.70.Qj
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